The Yellow Wallpaper Analysis Essays - Fiction, Literature, Arts

The Yellow Wallpaper Analysis Essays - Fiction, Literature, Arts The Yellow Wallpaper Analysis Charlotte Perkins Stetson is a well-known American author that channels her own battle with postpartum depression in her non-fictional novel "The Yellow Wallpaper". Stetson uses a combination of feminism, symbolism, metaphors, irony, and imagery to illustrate issues that woman face in society. The types of irony that can be found in the novel are Verbal, Dramatic, and Situational. The Use of such literary devices adds to the gothic and mystical mood of the novel. In This article, a series of themes are conveyed through the use literary devices. When literary devices are used throughout a novel the author leaves more room for interpretation. Perkin's Novel influences the reader to ponder on the oppression, misunderstanding, and objectification of women. From the oppressive point of view, it can be said that women in society are viewed as less than Men and at the time weren't given the opportunity to make decisions for themselves Throughout the novel it is apparent for one to see that the main character is undergoing a mental breakdown. The mental breakdown that the reader may assume she may be dealing with in the novel is postpartum depression. In the novel, the main character that goes unnamed says " that There's one comfort, the baby is well and happy, and does not have to occupy this nursery with the horrid wallpaper."(pg.652) So, one interpretation that can be made from this sentence is that the main character has a newborn baby that her husband is not allowing her to take care of. It can be said that her husband's treatment toward is more damaging to her than beneficial. Because she is a woman battling a mental illness, and her husband is a physician, her husband tends to be controlling. The author of the novel does not direc tly say everything that happens in the story but the director leaves room for interpretation of the literary devices used to enhance the story. From the oppressive point of view, it can be said that women in society are viewed as less than Men and at the time weren't given the opportunity to make decisions for themselves. The imagery that was given by the author was a representation of her feeling imprisoned in a place that she was supposed to feel at home. For example, in the passage, she goes into explaining the life outside of her window in the midst of the storm she finds a break in the sky and of new life around her. " The storm can be interpreted as living under the control of her husband and the light and new life could foreshadow her life without her husband and in her right mind. Stetson conveyed the lack of understanding of mental illness and the need for the woman to be okay all the time. In the novel, the protagonist would try to convey her emotions to the nanny and her husband they would dismiss her as if his word was the only one that counted. "Can you not trust me as a physician when I tell you so? " (Stetson 652) the narrator she would say nothing. Women are not property and not only in that era but today's era women are taught to be silent about their issues and that things need to be handled by the man. He thought she was crazy for voicing her opinion. The irony in this comes in because though her husband wanted to help her he was the antagonist because of his treatment. The main character found herself metaphorically trapped behind wallpaper and when that wallpaper comes down which may be interpreted as the box in her mind he could be free. The wall paper could symbolize a cage and this cage and out side this cage she may see freedom from not onl y that room but the rules of her husband. Another message that can be received from the passage is that can be received is objectifying of women. The author uses a very gothic tone to describe the "ghost" that haunts the narrator. "I can see a strange, provoking, formless sort of figure" (Stetson 650) The ghost may be interpreted as her own thoughts but the

Gigantophis - Facts and Figures

Gigantophis - Facts and Figures Name: Gigantophis (Greek for giant snake); pronounced jih-GAN-toe-fiss Habitat: Woodlands of northern Africa and southern Asia Historical Epoch: Late Eocene (40-35 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 33 feet long and half a ton Diet: Small animals Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; capacious jaws About Gigantophis Like many other creatures in the history of life on earth, Gigantophis had the misfortune of being the biggest of its kind until its fame was eclipsed by something even bigger. Measuring about 33 feet long from the tip of its head to the end of its tail and weighing up to half a ton, this prehistoric snake of late Eocene northern Africa (about 40 million years ago) ruled the proverbial swamp until the discovery of the much, much bigger Titanoboa (up to 50 feet long and one ton) in South America. To extrapolate from its habitat and the behavior of similar, modern, but much smaller snakes, paleontologists believe that Gigantophis may have preyed on mammalian megafauna, perhaps including the distant elephant ancestor Moeritherium. Ever since its discovery in Algeria over a hundred years ago, Gigantophis had been represented in the fossil record by a single species, G. garstini. However, the identification in 2014 of a second Gigantophis specimen, in Pakistan, leaves open the possibility of another species being erected in the near future. This find also indicates that Gigantophis and madtsoiid snakes like it had a much wider distribution than previously believed, and may well have ranged across the expanse of Africa and Eurasia during the Eocene epoch. (As for Gigantophis own ancestors, these smaller, mostly undiscovered fossil snakes lurk in the underbrush of the Paleocene epoch, the period of time just after the extinction of the dinosaurs).

Classic and Non Classic Analysis in Likelife Essay - 7

Classic and Non Classic Analysis in Likelife - Essay Example Classic style is identified by a collection of techniques which are used by the writer rather than the attitude depicted towards writing (Thomas and Turner 8). ‘Likelife’ presents a mixture of classical and non classical forms of writing in literature as the writer uses these styles to explain the events that took place in the 2003 World Taxidermy Championship. It not only depicts the technique but the passion of the writer towards her topic of discussion. Thomas and Turner refer to this aspect as a concept used in classic style. Orlean Susan The uses classic style in ‘Likelife’ as she describes the culture portrayed in taxidermy events. This notion depicts the art of classic writing as the writer tends to know what she is scripting before the actual publication. She describes Taxidermy Championship as a culture that astonishes many people in the world. Susan presents the history of World Taxidermy Championship which portrays the concept of classic writing as it refers to classical events. The World Taxidermy Championship became popular in 1882. It was viewed as a culture of the Society of American Taxidermists. Â   Non classic style is reflected in Orlean’s writing where she presents the transformation of World Taxidermy Championship from being an ordinary cultural event to an economy generating sport (Thomas and Turner 8). This is due to its ability to raise much income annually. Taxidermy is estimated to raise 570million dollars annually. Economic reflection in literature is not a concept used in classic but modern writing as it depicts the influence of pop culture in literature. This form of transition from describing the sport as a traditional cultural practice to an economic event presents the difference between two eras thus depicting the art and role of non classic style as described by Thomas and Turner.

Research project -- Using balanced scorecaed in human resource Essay

Research project -- Using balanced scorecaed in human resource management - Essay Example With the support of just a single sheet of paper, the administrative authorities can achieve both the basic financial goals and the most significant non-financial drivers for the success.  The main purpose of Balanced Scorecard is to assist the managers in using their elusive resources effectively. Executive authorities apply Balanced Scorecards to analyze and measure the performance of the employees proficiently. The managers use Balanced Scorecards as an additional aid along with other financial measures. This paper is initiated by the fact that numerous organizations are falling short in aligning their corporate strategy with their visions. In this paper, the strategic use of Balanced Scorecard is discussed which is considered as one of the important component of modern human resource management. The main purpose of the paper is to identify how a balanced scorecard can help the mangers to integrate a well-defined strategy and the vision. Balanced Scorecard is a measuring and strategic management tool that is used to bring all the organizational activities and employees’ performance with respect to its vision and strategies (Harvard Business Review, 1992 & 1993). It identifies a small number of financial and non-financial measures along with attached targets to them, so that they are assessed to verify whether or not the contemporary performance would meet the expected standards or goals. The Balanced Scorecard, developed by Dr. Robert Kaplan and Dr. David P. Norton, can be effectively and productively used in communications as well as to evaluate goals and performance of over all organization. According to David Norton, almost 60% of large US companies are using those Balanced Scorecard that merge financial and non-financial measures. Kaplan and Norton (1996) wrote their book The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action that â€Å"The

2004 Indian Ocean earthquake & Sanaysay Essay Example for Free

2004 Indian Ocean earthquake Sanaysay Essay A tsunami is a series of water waves caused by the displacement of a large volume of a body of water, generally an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater explosions(including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.[3] Tsunami waves do not resemble normal sea waves, because their wavelength is far longer. Rather than appearing as a breaking wave, a tsunami may instead initially resemble a rapidly rising tide, and for this reason they are often referred to as tidal waves. Tsunamis generally consist of a series of waves with periods ranging from minutes to hours, arriving in a so-called wave train.[4] Wave heights of tens of metres can be generated by large events. Although the impact of tsunamis is limited to coastal areas, their destructive power can be enormous and they can affect entire ocean basins; the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was among the deadliest natural disasters in human history with over 230,000 people killed in 14 countries bordering the Indian Ocean. The Greek historian Thucydides suggested in his late 5th century BC, History of the Peloponnesian War, that tsunamis were related to submarine earthquakes,[5][6] but the understanding of a tsunamis nature remained slim until the 20th century and much remains unknown. Major areas of current research include trying to determine why some large earthquakes do not generate tsunamis while other smaller ones do; trying to accurately forecast the passage of tsunamis across the oceans; and also to forecast how tsunami waves would interact with specific shorelines. A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore. Tsunami are waves caused by sudden movement of the ocean due to earthquakes, landslides on the sea floor, land slumping into the ocean, large volcanic eruptions or meteorite impact in the ocean. Earthquakes Most tsunami are caused by large earthquakes on the seafloor when slabs of rock move past each other suddenly, causing the overlying water to move. The  resulting waves move away from the source of the earthquake event. Landslides Underwater landslides can cause tsunami as can terrestrial land which slumps into the ocean. View our landslide generation animation which demonstrates how a landslide induces a tsunami. Volcanic eruptions Less common are tsunami initiated by volcanic eruptions. These occur in several ways: destructive collapse of coastal, island and underwater volcanoes which result in massive landslides pyroclastic flows, which are dense mixtures of hot blocks, pumice, ash and gas, plunging down volcanic slopes into the ocean and pushing water outwards a caldera volcano collapsing after an eruption causing overlying water to drop suddenly. An earthquake is the shaking of the earth that occurs after pieces of the crust of the Earth suddenly shift. The term earthquake describes the sudden slip on a fault and includes the ground shaking and radiating seismic energy that is caused by the slip. Volcanic activity, or other geologic processes, may cause stress changes in the earth that can also result in an earthquake. Earthquakes can occur anywhere in the world although some areas of the globe are more likely to experience an earthquake than others. Earthquakes occur in all types of weather, in all climate zones, in all seasons of the year, and at any time of day making it impossible to predict with any certainty when an earthquake is likely to occur. The best seismologists (scientists who study earthquakes) can do is to look at the historical record of earthquake activity for any geographical area and use this data to calculate the probability of an earthquake occurring in the future. Earthquake prediction is still in the future. A tsunami is a series of sea waves that can be caused by earthquakes or landslides at or beneath the sea floor. The displacement of the sea floor that occurs during certain large submarine earthquakes and landslides causes displacement of large volumes of the sea water above it producing large, fast moving waves. When a coast line experiences a tsunami it can be due to an earthquake near the coast or due to a quake occurring in a distant part of the ocean. Coastal areas may experience little or no damage from an  earthquake but can be devastated by the resulting tsunami. 2010 Haiti Earthquake Haiti suffered one of the largest earthquakes in more than 200 years in 2010. The 7.0 magnitude earthquake was centered about 10 miles from Port-au-Prince and set off a swarm of tsunamis that killed three people and destroyed several homes. The waves were averaged to be about 10 feet high. 2010 Sumatra Earthquake/Tsunami he October 2010 Sumatra earthquake occurred on the same fault as the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. The second time wasnt as disastrous but there was still substantial damage. This time around the earthquake was 7.7 on the Richter scale and developed a tsunami that struck the Mentawai Islands. The tsunami, which had a wave of 9 feet, destroyed many of the villages on the island. It displaced more than 20,000 people and reportedly killed 435. 2010 Chile Earthquake/Tsunami A 8.8 magnitude earthquake struck Chile on February 27, 2010 with intense shaking that lasted for about three minutes. It triggered a tsunami that destroyed several coastal towns in south-central Chile. The tsunami raced through the Pacific Ocean that 53 countries had to post warning, though there was little damage as it moved past Hawaii, Australia and Japan. The death toll was 521 victims. 2011 Tohoku Earthquake/Tsunami The 9.0-magnitude megathrust earthquake that hit the Tohoku region of Japan on March 11, 2011 was the largest earthquake to have ever hit the country. Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan even called it the toughest and most difficult crisis for Japan since the end of World War II. The tsunami that traveled along the Pacific coast of Japans northern islands was measured to be at least 9.8 feet high. Entire towns and cities were swept away and about 5,692 are said to be dead, with 9,522 missing and 2,409 injured. 1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami On April 24, 1771, the Yaeyama Great Earthquake caused the formation of the 1771 Great Yaeyama Tsunami. The tsunami hit both the Ishigaki and Miyakojima Island of Japan and killed a total of 12,000 people. Agriculture was severely damaged and the population decreased about one-third of what it was. The tsunami at Ishigaki reportedly reached a height of 262 feet. 1792 Mount Unzen The 1792 eruption of Mount Unzen in western Kyushu, Japan is the most deadliest volcanic eruption ever in Japan. It caused a megatsunami that reached up to 330 feet and killed 15,030 people. 1896 Meiji-Sanriku Earthquake The 1896 Meiji-Sanriku earthquake hit Japan on a day when the country was celebrating both the return of soldiers from the Sinto Japanese War and a Shinto holiday. The 7.2 magnitude earthquake that took place was small but the tsunami that struck the coast of Sanriku 35 minutes later was much greater. Waves as high as 125 feet were measured and nearly 9,000 homes were destroyed. 22,070 were reported dead and an unusually high count of victims with fractured skulls and broken or missing limbs. Hawaii also suffered some destruction from the tsunami as waves of 30 feet were measured there. 1868 Arica Earthquake/Tsunami The estimated 8.5 to 9.0 magnitude earthquake near Arica (then part of Peru, now part of Chile) in 1868 nearly destroyed all of Arica and its surrounding cities. The tsunami it produced almost completely destroyed the port city of Pisco. It also caused some damage in Hawaii, New Zealand and Japan. About 25,674 casualties were reported. Aug. 27, 1883: Eruptions from the Krakatoa volcano fueled a tsunami that drowned 36,000 people in the Indonesian Islands of western Java and southern Sumatra. The strength of the waves pushed coral blocks as large as 600 tons onto the shore. June 15, 1896: Waves as high as 100 feet (30 meters), spawned by an earthquake, swept the east coast of Japan. Some 27,000 people died. April 1, 1946: The April Fools tsunami, triggered by an earthquake in Alaska, killed 159 people, mostly in Hawaii. July 9, 1958:Regarded as the largest recorded in modern times, the tsunami in Lituya Bay, Alaska was caused by a landslide triggered by an 8.3 magnitude earthquake. Waves reached a height of 1,720 feet (576  meters) in the bay, but because the area is relatively isolated and in a unique geologic setting the tsunami did not cause much damage elsewhere. It sank a single boat, killing two fishermen. May 22, 1960: The largest recorded earthquake, magnitude 8.6 in Chile, created a tsunami that hit the Chilean coast within 15 minutes. The surge, up to 75 feet (25 meters) high, killed an estimated 1,500 people in Chile and Hawaii. March 27, 1964: The Alaskan Good Friday earthquake, magnitude between 8.4, spawned a 201-foot (67-meter) tsunami in the Valdez Inlet. It traveled at over 400 mph, killing more than 120 people. Ten of the deaths occurred in Crescent City, in northern California, which saw waves as high as 20 feet (6.3 meters). Aug. 23, 1976: tsunami in the southwest Philippines killed 8,000 on the heels of an earthquake. July 17, 1998:A magnitude 7.1 earthquake generated a tsunami in Papua New Guinea that quickly killed 2,200. Dec. 26, 2004: A colossal earthquake with a magnitude between 9.1 and 9.3 shook Indonesia and killed an estimated 230,000 people, most due to the tsunami and the lack of aid afterward, coupled with deviating and unsanitary conditions. The quake was named the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, and the tsunami has become known as the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Those waves traveled the globe – as far as Nova Scotia and Peru. March 11, 2011: A massive 8.9-magnitude earthquake struck northern Japan, triggering tsunamis that reportedly swept up cars, buildings and other debris. The Japan Meteorological Society has forecast more major tsunamis in the area, with some expected to reach more than 30 feet (10 m) off the coast of Hokkaido, Japans second largest island. A tsunami was also generated off the coast of Hawaii, one that could cause damage along the coastlines of all islands in the state of Hawaii, according to the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. Tsunami warnings are in effect across Hawaii as well.

A Walk to Remember - The Human Heart :: Walk to Remember Essays

A Walk to Remember - The Human Heart    A Walk to Remember, by Nicholas Sparks take you on a whirl wind journey into the depths of the human heart, and leads Landon, one of the main characters, to a decision so stunning it would lead him irrevocably on the   road to manhood. Landon the most popular boy in Beuford High and fall's > unexpectedly in love with Jamie, and unpopular, bible-bearing girl. It was   kismet that brought these two together, and an incurable disease that would   tear them apart. Landon had recently broken up with his girlfriend of 1-1/2   years and it was a twist of fate that make Jamie his date for the homecoming   dance. They went to the dance and did not speak to each other until they were both cast a the lead in the towns Christmas play. After the play was over   Landon found   himself wanting, and being with Jamie everyday, he was falling in love with her. Then came the shock of his life, Jamie revealed to him that she had Lucima. Landon was torn apart and had no idea what to do, so he   turned to the bible for guidance and help. He made the decision that he loved   Jamie too much to let her dreams slip away, so he asked her to marry him.   They were married on March 12,1959. She died shortly after that, but he never forgot her. Landon and Jamie are the too main characters in the book. Landon is the richest, most popular boy at Beuford High, and Jamie is poor,   unpopular and almost nonexistent at school. Jamie helps out at the orphanage, picks up hurt animals, and carries a bible with her every where. Whereas   Landon has never even thought of people without a home or money and he only opens a bible when he has to at church.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In my opinion Landon is a normal teenage boy, who's only concerns are: girls and cars. I think that Jamie helped him see how powerful the bible is and how it feels good to help people in need.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This book takes place in Beuford, a town in North Carolina.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There was a lot of foreshadowing in the book but the one that stands out the most is when Landon asked Jamie to the dance and she thinks for a

I need help with the book called warriors dont cry Essay

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Aromatherapy

The history of aromatherapy is linked strongly to the development of aromatic medicine. The ancient Greeks, Romans and Egyptians all used aromatherapy oils. In the Doreen of France there are cave paintings found to be 18,000 years old that depict the use of plants for medicinal purposes. The origins of aromatherapy have been lost with time before the keeping of any records. It is although believed that crude forms of distillation, the main method that essential oils are now obtained, were practiced thousands of years ago In Persia, Egypt and India.Distillation was used mainly for the extraction of exotic flower waters. The medicinal use of plants and their extracts In India has been continuous from ,000 years ago to the present day. One of the oldest known books on plants Is Indian and is called â€Å"Veda†. This book highlights the various uses of plants for medicinal and religious purposes. The human was seen as part of nature and the preparation was considered a sacred prac tice. Arrived medicine is one of the oldest forms of medicine practiced since ancient times. There is more information available about the development of plant use in Egypt.The Nile Valley became known as the Cradle of Medicine. Some of the plants brought to this area were codeword, cinnamon, frankincense and myrrh. In Egypt 5,000 years ago, there was a strong link between perfumery and religion. Each God was allotted a particular fragrance. It was the priest who formulated the aromas. The Egyptians used plants, aromatic oils and aromatic resins In the embalming process. They successfully preserved human bodies for 3,000 years using this method. The process of embalming and mummification was developed by the Egyptians in their search for immortality.The ancient Egyptians first burned incense that derived from aromatic woods, spices and herbs in honor of the Gods. It was their belief that as the smoke SSE up towards the heavens it would carry their prayers and wishes directly to the deities. The development of aromatics as medicines delivered the creation of the foundation that aromatherapy was built upon. In the hot climate and with poor standards of sanitation, aromatic substances were used to make life more pleasant and safer. The Egyptians were passionate about the use of simple fragrances and used them In their dally lives.At celebrations and festivals women wore perfumed cones on their heads that melted in the heat and released a beautiful scent. After washing, they sun and to refresh their skin. The use of aromas for religious and medicinal purposes was also adapted in other countries such as China, Greece and Rome. The Greeks expanded the knowledge of the Egyptians by recording and classifying the actions and main properties of plant medicinal. The father of holistic medicine, Hippocrates, was an advocate of massage and recommended the use of daily massage and a scented bath.He also recognized the medicinal values of aromas. Greece is subsequently famou s because of the presence of Hippocrates. Another Greek, Messages, formed a perfume called ‘Angelino'. It was capable of healing mounds and in the reduction of inflammation. The Greeks used the knowledge they had gained from the Egyptians to classify the future study of plant medicine thus making a vital contribution. Because of the influence of the Egyptians and Greeks, the Romans became more appreciative of perfumes and spices. The word perfume derives from the Latin per fume, meaning â€Å"through the smoke†.This refers to the burning of incense. There are many biblical citations making reference to incense together with the use of ointments and plant oils. As the Roman Empire spread, the knowledge of the healing properties of plants parade also. Roman soldiers went on long Journeys and collected seeds and plants which in time reached Britain and other countries, eventually becoming naturalized. Among these were parsley, fennel, sage, thyme and rosemary. The Romans u sed lavish means for plant aromatics with baths and massage being most recognized.Romans also used aromatic plants for beauty treatments, cosmetics, hygiene, and medical treatments. Distillation In 980 AD a man named Vaccine was born in Persia. He is responsible for making a vast improvement to the basic distillation units known then. He extended he length of the cooling pipe forming a coil shape. This enabled the vaporized plant molecules and steam to cool down more rapidly and efficiently. With improvements to the distillation process, more attention was giving to essential oils because of new formulae for ointments and perfumes.It is believed that the use of essential oils as we know them today began at this time. During the Holy Wars, the Crusaders were treated for stomach problems with the same plant medicines used by the natives. These would include the floral waters and essential oils. On their Journey omen they would have stopped at various Mediterranean islands where the kn owledge of plants had been preserved from Roman times. The Crusaders brought home perfumes and flower waters for their wives relaying the stories of the medicines being known once again in Italy and perhaps for the first time in the rest of Europe.During the Middle Ages aromatic plants such as Thyme and Melissa were cultivated in monasteries. In the 12th century a German Abbess, Hildebrand, grew lavender for therapeutic properties which he also used as an essential oil. Throughout the 14th century, Frankincense and Pine were found to be burned in the trees. Perfume candles were burned inside and garlands of aromatic herbs and spices were often seen worn around ones neck in a bid to fight against the deadly plague which raged throughout Europe. Venice was the gateway to trade with the Arabs.Perfumed leather for gloves was first discovered here. In 1 533, Catherine De Medici influenced the production of essential oils and perfume in France. The area of Grease in France became the main perfume producing area. The Renaissance period brought with it the wide use of essential oils because of improvements in methods of distillation. The first botanical gardens were introduced in Europe prior to the birth of Christ. They were later to be found in many monasteries. During the 16th Century, Royal Hungarian Water was produced by the distillation of alcohol with fresh rosemary blossoms.Another infamous water was introduced by a Franciscan monk who left Italy to live in Cologne in 1665. The recipe for ‘Aqua Memorabilia' was made world famous by his nephew J. M. Farina. It is known nowadays as the well known ‘AAU De Cologne'. It was used as a health-promoting lotion and included the essential oils of bergamot, lemon, orange, lavender, thyme and smeary. These were then diluted in strong ethyl alcohol. In Britain by the year 1700, the use of essential oils was widespread. It was used in mainstream medicine until the time came that chemistry allowed the synthesis o f materials within the laboratory.Around the time of the Bubonic Plague, doctors would walk through streets wearing hats with large ‘beaks'. Within these beaks they placed aromatic herbs so that the air inhaled passed through them and this air was believed to be antiseptic. The decline of the use of herbs in Britain is partly due to the Industrial Revolution. The relocation of peoples housing to smaller terraced houses with little or no gardens resulted in a decline of the use of fresh herbs. By the year 1986, chemistry was becoming increasingly important.The drugs produced through the synthesis of the therapeutic properties from plants have proved to be very powerful in the role of modern medicine. The synthetic copies of the natural healing materials tend to be toxic and do not appear to have the same respect for the living human tissues. During the early years of this century a renewed interest in natural healing methods became apparent. This was no doubt stimulated by the side effects shown after long properties of essential oils. Essential oils were used on the wounds of those who suffered in the awful trench warfare of 1914- 1918.Gatepost © discovered in his research that essential oils take 30 minutes to 12 hours to be absorbed by the human body after application to the skin. Aromatherapy was introduced by beauty therapists using massage techniques which is why aromatherapy has appeared to be, for many years, a massage using essential oils. The main use of aromatherapy in Britain was to relieve stress and improve skin conditions by massage and only sage. Today aromatherapy is growing hugely in popularity and is recognized widely for an alternative treatment by many people.The use of the essential oils and plants has increased hugely in recent years. It is in general considered to be a complementary therapy. It is also being recommended by professional health careers as a complement to traditional medical treatments. Aromatherapy has been associa ted with massage as a method of delivering essential oils. There is growing evidence that aromatherapy treatment has many positive side effects on medical conditions either alone or in conjunction with traditional medicine.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research Paper Essays

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research Paper Essays Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research Paper Essay Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research Paper Essay Research Paper on ADHD Review of Literature Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a mental disorder in children which includes a group of symptoms that comprises loss of attention, impulsive behavior and hyperactivity. These signs and symptoms are noticed in children between six and twelve years (Oord et al., 2012). The symptoms are pronounced in changing environments. Sleeping disorders and anxiety is also noted among children with ADHD (Oord et al., 2012). ADHD is defined as an abnormal mental condition in children which causes a significant impact on the education of a child (Barkley, 2006). Diagnosis of ADHD is mostly made through symptoms observation (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016). Treatment entails pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. These entire plans meet the criteria for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity condition listed by the American psychologists association (Chronis et al., 2006). Pharmacological methods include stimulant and non-stimulant methods. Methylphenidate is the drug that has been the most practiced pharmacological approach. Non-pharmacological methods include behavioral therapies. These non-pharmacological behavioral therapies include Parent training, educational plans and training the patients on necessary social skills (Chronis et al., 2006). Parent training entails some reinforcement therapies such as positive and negative reinforcement policies. Rewarding positive behavior and punishing bad behavior has resulted in significant impact on ADHD patients (Lee, et al., 2012). Various classroom measures such as praise, timeouts during hyperactivity episodes, keeping daily scores by the teachers has also resulted in reduced symptoms in these patients (Chronis et al., 2006). Pharmacological treatment of the ADHD includes various methods: the use of stimulant drugs which include amphetamine and methylphenidate (Chronis et al., 2006). Methylphenidate has been the first line and the preferred choice for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder . Some other drugs have listed though not approved for clinical use in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Vallerand et al., 2014). Long-acting stimulants have been preferred by most parents since the children could just take once without interfering with their school routines (Vallerand et al., 2014). The combination of the pharmacological stimulant therapy and behavioral therapy has shown to have an improved impact on the patients compared to the behavioral therapy alone or the standard community care (Oord, et al 2012). There has been a preference for either the combination method or behavioral therapy by parents and teachers, and its has a significant impact on the adherence to the therapeutic regimens has a substantial impact on the condition of the children (Vallerand et al., 2014). Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Research done by (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016) shows that the efficiency of ADHD diagnosis was compromised as doctors were not able to recognize all the symptoms due to inadequate training and intricate nature of ADHD. Diagnosis of other mental conditions such as mood disorder was more efficient (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016). Many general practitioners diagnosed challenging and misguided behavior as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder though they diagnosed the primary symptoms of impulsiveness, inattention and hyperactivity right (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016). ADHD Therapy According to research (Vallerand et al., 2014) regarding behavioral therapies for children with this condition; ADHD showed that there was an important niche in the administration process of these behavioral treatments. The administrators of these therapies lacked insight into some of the methods. It was considered a psychosocial intervention and hence was not a prioritized approach in the management of children who have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Vallerand et al., 2014). The significant value was emphasized on other methods such as the pharmacological method compared to the behavior modification methods (Vallerand et al., 2014). The observation in the research is similar to previous studies carried by Weiss (Vallerand et al., 2014).Weiss demonstrated the different emphasis received by the two methods (Weiss et al., 2008). The research also noted that there was lack of adequate training of physicians regarding the behavior modification therapy used in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Vallerand et al., 2014)The healthcare professionals assumed there was no need of the methods as behavior modification will be achieved by mental health education systems (Vallerand et al., 2014). Other professionals didnt contribute to the use of the behavioral training methods to achieve symptom relief as there was no evidence to support that in the research (Vallerand et al., 2014). The gap in knowledge of the behavioral training therapies has significantly undermined the use of this method by healthcare professionals to achieve quality management of the patients (Vallerand et al., 2014) Overlapping knowledge of evidence and non-evidence-based behavioral methods and failure to comprehend the difference has prevented the prioritization of the evidence-based practices and access to them (Vallerand et al., 2014). They also found out the level of specification and details of the behavioral guidelines also differed and contributed to different outcomes. Due to this the research suggests inclusion of all relevant behavioral therapy guidelines to achieve maximum utility and relief of the symptoms in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients (Vallerand et al., 2014) Its possible that the research by Vallerand didnt acknowledge all the relevant behavioral guidelines due to the inclusion criteria used in the study (Vallerand et al., 2014). The omitted guidelines have been shown to have a significant impact on behavioral modification in patients. Research done by Paul Hodgkins et al notes that the type of behavioral change instructions is unique for every patient and has to be tailored according to the disease pattern and symptoms observed in the patient (Hodgkins et al., 2012). Pharmacological Method According to the research by Paul Hodgkins et al regarding amphetamine and methylphenidate medication use children with the mental disorder: ADHD, both the drugs improved the symptoms by reducing motor-related activity compared to the patients that were given placebo medications (Hodgkins et al.,2012).There was no drug that commanded overall superiority as the outcomes were different in different subjects, some showed amphetamine superiority while others showed methylphenidate, some registered no difference between the drugs (Hodgkins et al., 2012).The research points out the duration of action of the drug had a significant impact on the outcome (Hodgkins et al., 2012). The drugs had different adverse effects, and the study concludes that amphetamines resulted in apathy and unenthusiastic emotions, stomach pains while patients taking methylphenidate had fatigue, sleeping disorders, and nugatory emotions such as crying and sadness (Hodgkins et al., 2012). Children on amphetamine had more and severe side effects compared to those on methylphenidate (Hodgkins et al., 2012). However, increased nervousness and mannerisms were illustrated in boys taking methylphenidate compared to those on placebo. Such occurrences were negative in amphetamine patients (Hodgkins et al., 2012). Maximization of the positive effects of the drug in order to achieve reduction or abolishment of symptoms required thorough assessment of the patients condition, adequate monitoring of the patients to immediately treat any complications and severe side effects and ensuring total adherence to the drugs contributes in the optimization of the medicine effects (Hodgkins et al.,2012) Combination Treatment Method The research notes the significance of ADHD management that incorporates all forms of treatment has been acknowledged and approved in ADHD treatment guidelines (Hodgkins et al., 2012). Multimodal regimens showed superior outcomes compared to pharmacological therapy alone (Hodgkins et al., 2012). The study (Hodgkins et al., 2012) also explains that the multimodal treatment was superior as it was not affected by non-adherence. It supports prior studies that encourage the combination of pharmacological therapies and behavioral modification training methods due to the advantages linked to it (Hodgkins et al., 2012). This combination approach has been crucial in cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders that have coexisting diseases and in situations of financial incapability as its cost effective (Vallerand et al., 2014). It is evident that all the treatment regimens had no significant impact on inattention noted in attention deficit hyperactivity patients and some instances worsened. However, other symptoms including hyperactivity and impulsiveness improved with treatment (Oord et al., 2012). Conclusion The various treatment methods have significant impacts on management (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016). The studies in this review also recognize the deficits in knowledge of general practitioners regarding the various treatment modules and diagnosis of the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Tatlow-Golden et al., 2016). The research also notes that parents of children who have this mental disease; ADHD had higher levels of stress compared to other parents (Oord et al., 2012). References Hodgkins, P., Shaw, M., Coghill, D., Hechtman, L. (2012). Amfetamine and methylphenidate medications for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: complementary treatment options. European child adolescent psychiatry, 21(9), 477-492. McCarty, C. A., Vander Stoep, A., Violette, H., Myers, K. (2015). Interventions developed for psychiatric and behavioral treatment in the Childrens ADHD Telemental Health Treatment Study. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 24(6), 1735-1743. Oord, S., Prins, P. J. M., Oosterlaan, J., Emmelkamp, P. M. G. (2012). The Adolescent Outcome of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Treated with Methylphenidate or Methylphenidate Combined with Multimodal Behaviour Therapy: Results of a Naturalistic Followup Study. Clinical psychology psychotherapy, 19(3), 270-278. Tatlow-Golden, M., Prihodova, L., Gavin, B., Cullen, W., McNicholas, F. (2016). What do general practitioners know about ADHD? Attitudes and knowledge among first-contact gatekeepers: systematic narrative review. BMC Family Practice, 17(1), 129. Vallerand, I. A., Kalenchuk, A. L., McLennan, J. D. (2014). Behavioural treatment recommendations in clinical practice guidelines for attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder: a scoping review. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 19(4), 251-258.

Endangered Species Lesson Plans

Endangered Species Lesson Plans One of the best ways for teachers to get students interested in nature and natural science is by teaching them about endangered animals. Reading up on pandas, tigers, elephants, and other creatures is a fun way to introduce young learners to topics such as ecosystems, biodiversity, and conservation. Building lessons is simple with the help of the resources below. Wild and Wonderful Lessons About Endangered Species Source: Educationworld.com The five lessons included here involve research and role-playing. Are These Animals Threatened, Endangered, or Extinct? Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration This lesson introduces students to the concepts of extinct, endangered, and threatened species, with a focus on Hawaii and its native creatures. Endangered Species 1: Why Are Species Endangered? Source: Sciencenetlinks.com This lesson exposes students to the plight of endangered species and helps them understand and gain perspective on issues that continue to affect animals and threaten our global environment. What Are Endangered Species? Source: Learningtogive.org The Endangered Species- Its Not Too Late lesson is designed to help students understand the meaning of endangered species and how they can be protected. Critically Endangered Species Lesson Plan Source: United States Fish and Wildlife Service The goal of this lesson is to provide an understanding of critically endangered species, how they differ from endangered species, and why certain animals are critically endangered. Threatened, Endangered, and Extinct Lesson Plan Source: Pennsylvania State University The Threatened, Endangered, and Extinct lesson plan focuses on species that are in serious danger of extinction. Endangered Species Lesson Plans - Environmental Education in ... Source: EEinwisconsin.org These lesson plans were developed to provide elementary through high school teachers with ideas for how to teach students about endangered species conservation. Save the Turtles - Ride the Turtle Education Rainbow   Source: Savetheturtles.org An excellent resource created on a book-based thematic approach for ages 5 through 12, this site offers suggestions for sea turtle stories. It also includes pre-activities, hands-on activities, and suggestions for community action.

Business Ethics in Ford Motor Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business Ethics in Ford Motor Company - Essay Example The ethical issue in discussion will be ignoring customer complaints. Ford Motor Company is an American automaker based in Detroit Michigan. The multinational. The company was incorporated in 1903. It was founded by Henry ford. It sells most of its commercial brands and automobiles under the â€Å"Ford† brand and sells its luxury vehicles under the brand â€Å"Lincoln.† Preceded by General Motors, Ford in currently ranked as the second largest auto maker in the U.S. Though the company adheres to most of its ethical code, it has been found to ignore some. Birsch (1994) states that one such case and point is the infamous â€Å"Ford Pinto Case.† The company has also faced other cases including a class action law suit for racial discrimination in 2006. This is according to Ferrellet al (2013). In more recent times, Ford Motor Company has been accused of not paying attention to customer complains. This seems to be a weakness in the company’s ethics as it is ign oring customer complaints that led to the Ford Pinto case. This is according to Birsch (1994). Many are of the opinion that the company is in dire straits and is willing to sacrifice its customers so as to save itself. Many people claim to have for example given numerous complaints about the Ford F-150 King Ranch. A car which they say has many problems. Local dealerships have turned a deaf ear to this and so has the manufacturer. Customers claim that it is universal practice for Ford to deny that a problem exists until ones warranty expires. This behavior by the manufacturer has led owners of recent ford models to lose confidence in their vehicles. Problems have also been found in the Ford Ranger. Problems with their vehicles range from minor to quite dangerous. There have been reports of Ford Ranger XLT brakes failing to work when it’s raining. Such a problem could prove disastrous.